316L saxan bir ah oo aan lahayn
Saxanka birta ah ee birta ah waxa uu leeyahay meel siman, caag sare, adag, iyo xoog farsamo, oo u adkaysata daxalka aysiidhka, gaaska alkaline, xalalka, iyo warbaahinta kale.Waa bir alwaax ah oo aan si sahal ah u miridhkumin balse aan miridhku ka jirin.Saxanka birta ah waxaa loola jeedaa saxan bir ah oo u adkaysata daxalka warbaahinta daciifka ah sida jawiga, uumiga iyo biyaha, halka saxanka u adkaysta aashitada uu tilmaamayo birta u adkaysata daxalka warbaahinta kiimikada ah sida aashitada, alkali , iyo cusbo.Saxanka birta ah waxa uu leeyahay taariikh in ka badan 1 qarni tan iyo markii uu soo baxay horraantii qarnigii 20aad.Saxanka birta-la'aanta ah guud ahaan waa erey guud oo saxan bir ah iyo saxan bir u adkaysata.Saxanka birta ah waxaa loola jeedaa saxan bir ah oo u adkaysata daxalka warbaahinta daciifka ah sida jawiga, uumiga iyo biyaha, halka saxanka u adkaysta aashitada uu tilmaamayo birta u adkaysata daxalka warbaahinta kiimikada ah sida aashitada, alkali , iyo cusbo.Tan iyo markii ay soo ifbaxday taarikada birta ah ee birta birta ah ee bilawgii qarnigan, horumarinta taarikada birta ah waxay dhigtay qalab muhiim ah iyo aasaas farsamo oo loogu talagalay horumarinta warshadaha casriga ah iyo horumarka sayniska iyo tignoolajiyada.
Taarikada Biraha Ah, Habka Wax-soo-saarka
Diyaarinta birta → kululaynta → daloolin kulul → jarista madaxa → pickling → polishing → saliidayn → habka duubista qabow → hoos u dhigista → xalinta kulaylka → toosinta → jarista tuubada → qajaar → hubinta alaabta dhammaatay.
Tuubbooyinka labajibbaaran ee birta-la'aanta ah, falanqaynta waxqabadka
Birtu waxay la falgali kartaa oksijiinta jawiga si ay u sameeyaan filim oksaydh ah oogada.Osaydhka birta ee ka samaysan birta kaarboonka ee caadiga ah waxay sii wadi doontaa inay oxidize, balaadhiso daxalka oo aakhirka samaysato godadka.Tan waxaa lagu samayn karaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo rinji ama dahaarka birta u adkaysta oksida si loo ilaaliyo dusha sare ee birta kaarboon, laakiin daahan waa filim khafiif ah oo kaliya.Haddii dahaarka uu dhaawacmo, birta hoosteeda waxay bilaabataa inay daxal noqoto.Haddii tuubada birta aan daxalka lahayni ay daxalantahay waxay la xiriirtaa maadada chromium ee birta.Marka maadada chromium-ka ee birta ku jirta ay gaarto 12%, dusha tuubada birta aan lahayn waxay abuurtaa lakabka bakhti iyo oksaydh qani ah oo chromium cufan si loo ilaaliyo dusha sare ugana ilaaliyo reoxidation dheeraad ah.Lakabka oksaydhisku waa mid aad u dhuuban, kaas oo la arki karo dhalaalka dabiiciga ah ee dusha birta, taasoo siinaysa birta aan lahayn meel gaar ah.Haddii filimka chromium hal mar uu dhaawacmo, chromium-ka birta iyo ogsijiinta ku jirta jawiga si ay dib ugu soo nooleeyaan filimka passivation, sii wadaan inay ciyaaraan doorka ilaalinta.Qaar ka mid ah deegaannada gaarka ah, birta daxalka ah waxay sidoo kale u muuqan doontaa qaar ka mid ah daxalka maxalliga ah iyo guul-darrooyinka, laakiin birta-kaarboonka iyo birta kaarboonku way ka duwan tahay, uma muuqan doonto daxal iyo guuldarro isku mid ah, sidaa darteed gunnada daxalka ee tuubada birta-la'aanta waa macno la'aan.
Tilmaamaha
| Magaca Alaabta | Taarikada birta ah ee aan lahayn | |
| Heerka birta | 300 taxane | |
| Heerka | ASTM A213, A312, ASTM A269, ASTM A778, ASTM A789, DIN 17456, DIN17457, DIN 17459, JIS G3459, JIS G3463, GOST9941, EN10216, BS36296 GB1 | |
| Qalab | 304, 304L, 309S, 310S, 316, 316Ti, 317, 317L, 321, 347, 347H, 304N, 3 16L, 316N, 201, 202 | |
| Dusha sare | Daalid, koolkoolid, qajaar, dhalaal | |
| Nooca | kulul oo duuban iyo qabow duuban | |
| Shuruudaha ganacsiga | Shuruudaha qiimaha | FOB, CIF, CFR, CNF, Shaqadii hore |
| Shuruudaha lacag-bixinta | T/T, L/C, midowga galbeed | |
| Waqtiga dirida | Gaadhida degdega ah ama sida tirada dalabka. | |
| U dhoofi | Ireland, Singapore, Indonesia, Ukraine, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Canada, USA, Brazil, Thailand, Korea, Italy, India, Egypt, Oman, Malaysia, Kuwait, Canada, Viet Nam, Peru, Mexico, Dubai, Russia, iwm | |
| Xidhmada | Xidhmada dhoofinta caadiga ah ee badda, ama sida loo baahdo. | |
| Codsiga | Loo isticmaalo qurxinta, qurux badan oo waara.Maacuunnada noolaha, dheriyada, malqacadaha, dheriyada, maddiibaadaha, mindiyaha miiska, iwm. | |
| La xidhiidh | Haddii aad wax su'aalo ah qabtid, fadlan xor u noqo inaad ila soo xiriirto. | |
Halabuurka Kiimikada
| Darajo | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Ni | Cr | Mo |
| 201 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.75 | 5. 5-7.5 | ≤0.06 | ≤ 0.03 | 3.5 -5.5 | 16.0 -18.0 | - |
| 202 | ≤0.15 | ≤l.0 | 7.5-10.0 | ≤0.06 | ≤ 0.03 | 4.0-6.0 | 17.0-19.0 | - |
| 301 | ≤0.15 | ≤l.0 | ≤2.0 | ≤0.045 | ≤ 0.03 | 6.0-8.0 | 16.0-18.0 | - |
| 302 | ≤0.15 | ≤1.0 | ≤2.0 | ≤0.035 | ≤ 0.03 | 8.0-10.0 | 17.0-19.0 | - |
| 304 | ≤0 .0.08 | ≤1.0 | ≤2.0 | ≤0.045 | ≤ 0.03 | 8.0-10.5 | 18.0-20.0 | - |
| 304L | ≤0.03 | ≤1.0 | ≤2.0 | ≤0.035 | ≤ 0.03 | 9.0-13.0 | 18.0-20.0 | - |
| 309S | ≤0.08 | ≤1.0 | ≤2.0 | ≤0.045 | ≤ 0.03 | 12.0-15.0 | 22.0-24.0 | - |
| 310S | ≤0.08 | ≤1.5 | ≤2.0 | ≤0.035 | ≤ 0.03 | 19.0-22.0 | 24.0-26.0 | |
| 316 | ≤0.08 | ≤1.0 | ≤2.0 | ≤0.045 | ≤ 0.03 | 10.0-14.0 | 16.0-18.0 | 2.0-3.0 |
| 316L | ≤0.03 | ≤1.0 | ≤2.0 | ≤0.045 | ≤ 0.03 | 12.0 - 15.0 | 16.0 -1 8.0 | 2.0 -3.0 |
| 321 | ≤ 0.08 | ≤1.0 | ≤2.0 | ≤0.035 | ≤ 0.03 | 9.0 - 13.0 | 17.0 -1 9.0 | - |
| 630 | ≤ 0.07 | ≤1.0 | ≤1.0 | ≤0.035 | ≤ 0.03 | 3.0-5.0 | 15.5-17.5 | - |
| 631 | ≤0.09 | ≤1.0 | ≤1.0 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.035 | 6.50-7.75 | 16.0-18.0 | - |
| 904L | ≤ 2.0 | ≤0.045 | ≤1.0 | ≤0.035 | - | 23.0 · 28.0 | 19.0-23.0 | 4.0-5.0 |
| 2205 | ≤0.03 | ≤1.0 | ≤2.0 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.02 | 4.5-6.5 | 22.0-23.0 | 3.0-3.5 |
| 2507 | ≤0.03 | ≤0.8 | ≤1.2 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.02 | 6.0-8.0 | 24.0-26.0 | 3.0-5.0 |
| 2520 | ≤0.08 | ≤1.5 | ≤2.0 | ≤0.045 | ≤ 0.03 | 0.19 -0.22 | 0. 24-0 .26 | - |
| 410 | ≤0.15 | ≤1.0 | ≤1.0 | ≤0.035 | ≤ 0.03 | - | 11.5-13.5 | - |
| 430 | ≤0.1 2 | ≤0.75 | ≤1.0 | ≤ 0.040 | ≤ 0.03 | ≤0.60 | 16.0 -18.0 | - |
Bandhiga Alaabta
